Esimeni sobuchwepheshe esithuthukayo, umjaho wamadivayisi amancane, asheshayo, nasebenza kahle uholele ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe be-chip ye-3nm. Le ntuthuko ithembisa ukuguqula ukusebenza kwemishini kagesi isuke kuma-smartphone iye ezikhungweni zedatha. Kodwa-ke, ukushintshela kubuchwepheshe be-3nm nakho kubhekene nesethi yayo yezinselelo, ikakhulukazi mayelana nezindleko ezikhulayo.
Ukushintshela kubuchwepheshe be-3nm kumelele igxathu elikhulu ekukhiqizeni ama-semiconductor, okuvumela ama-transistors amaningi ukuthi apakishwe ezindaweni ezincane. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, okubalulekile ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zesistimu yesimanje yamakhompiyutha nezokuxhumana. Kodwa-ke, ukushintshela kubuchwepheshe be-3nm nakho kuletha izindleko ezengeziwe zokukhiqiza ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi benqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nesidingo semishini esezingeni eliphezulu.
Njengoba izinkampani zobuchwepheshe zishintshela kubuchwepheshe be-3nm, zibhekene nenselelo yokuphatha izindleko ezikhuphukile ezihambisana nalokhu kuthuthuka. Ukusuka ku-R&D ukuya ekuphathweni kokukhiqiza kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla, ukushintshela kubuchwepheshe be-3nm kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okubalulekile. Lokhu kuphinde kuthinte intengo yomkhiqizo wokugcina, okungase kubangele izindleko eziphakeme kubathengi.
Ukubhekana nalezi zinselelo, izinkampani zobuchwepheshe zihlola amasu ahlukahlukene okunciphisa umthelela wokunyuka kwezindleko ze-3nm. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukwenza ngcono izinqubo zokukhiqiza, ukutshala izimali ezikhungweni zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokusebenzisana nabahlinzeki bempahla ukuze kwenziwe lula uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani ihlola ezinye izinto zokwakha kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuklama ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko zokukhiqizwa kwe-chip ye-3nm.
Naphezu kwezinselelo zezindleko, izinzuzo ezingaba khona zobuchwepheshe be-3nm ziqhuba ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo kanye nokusungula embonini ye-semiconductor. Isithembiso semishini emincane, enamandla kakhulu sisalokhu singumfutho ekuphishekeleni ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe njengoba izinkampani zisebenzela ukunqoba izithiyo ezihambisana nokwenyuka kwezindleko.
Kafushane, ukushintshela kubuchwepheshe be-3nm kumelela ingqopha-mlando ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe be-semiconductor. Nakuba ukukhuphuka kwezindleko kubangela izinselele ezinkulu, amandla okwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle aqhuba ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha embonini. Njengoba izinkampani zobuchwepheshe zenza lolu shintsho, ikhono lokuphatha ukukhula kwezindleko lizobaluleka ekuboneni amandla aphelele obuchwepheshe be-3nm.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-20-2024
